CASTELLAN, Antoine Laurent
Antoine Laurent Castellan (1772-1838) was a French architect, painter and engraver. He studied landscape painting in Valenciennes, and travelled to Switzerland, Italy and the Ottoman Empire. He made a very short tour of Ottoman territories, principally of Southern Greece and the islands (Zakynthos, Cythera, the Peloponnese and Hydra) as well as Istanbul and the Hellespont. At the end of the 18th century, during the reign of Sultan Selim III, in an effort to ameliorate relations with the Ottoman empire, France organized an expedition to Istanbul with the mission to repair ships and aid in other tasks in the port of the city. Castellan participated in the mission as a painter.
The expedition was unable to realize its goals, as its members were forced to flee in the face of war, an epidemic, fires and a revolt. Castellan however published his impressions of this voyage, in a text written in epistolary fashion, which circulated in three editions, with numerous engravings based on his drawings. Unluckily, Castellan’s work circulated at the same time when Pouqueville knew huge editorial success with his own books. Castellan became a member of the Acadèmie des Beaux Arts, to which he dedicated the last years of his life. His work “Moeurs, usages, costumes des Othomans” (1812) was lavishly praised by Lord Byron.
Intelligent and objective as well as sensitive, Castellan depicts the islands, the Peloponnese and Propontis, focusing on each place’s traditions. He is one of the first travellers to become sensitive to Greek music and Greek Orthodox religious art. Harmonious with his text, the French traveller’s drawings accompany his gentle discourse. Free from prejudice, Castellan describes the new world he sees before him: fortresses, cities, mosques, churches, fountains, houses, mills, antiquities and people.
Castellan started out from Marseilles in December 1796. By way of Sicily, the ship reached Cythera first, then Monemvasia and finally Hydra. Six months later, he visited the Peloponnese, the region of Coroni, Navarino and Philiatra, from where he crossed over to Zakynthos.
Written by Ioli Vingopoulou
CASTELLAN, Antoine Laurent - Cythera
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View of the entrance to a certain cave on Cythera, probably the Cave of Houstis, near Diakofti.
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Plans and section plans of rock-carved mausoleums in Palaiopolis, Cythera.
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Costumes of Cythera. Orthodox priest is leading a group of women to the church.
CASTELLAN, Antoine Laurent - Rest Images
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View of an ancient monument, possibly of Roman or Byzantine aqueduct, at Gelibolu.
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The remains of the Temple of Priapus at Lampsacus (today Lapseki).
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The Gazi Yakup Bey Mosque at the main square of Çardak, village near Lapseki.
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West European travelers are resting at the ruins of an ancient building in Messenia.
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View of the Castle of Pylos (Niokastro) and Bay of Navarino with Sphacteria island.
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Fountain and ancient building, perhaps of Roman era, in Pylos.
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Ruins of polygonal wall in Epidavros Limira, ancient city in Laconia, north of Monemvasia.
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Map of the anchorage of Monemvasia and Epidavros Limira, ancient city in Laconia.
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Greek musician entertaining shepherds and a priest in the Peloponnese.
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View of Hydra. In the background the Monastery of the Dormition of the Virgin.
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A musician and a woman dancer of the Harem. The lady responsible for keeping order in the Harem.
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Kizlar Aga, head of the black eunuchs of the imperial Harem. Odalisk of the imperial Harem.
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Kapi Aga, the head of the white eunuchs of the imperial Harem.
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An İçoğlan, servant in the imperial Palace, during a writing lesson, with his teacher.
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Musician of the Imperial Palace. Confectioner of the Sultan's court (Halvaci).
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Frontispiece to the fourth volume of the edition. Mamluk rider.
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A Spahi, member of the Ottoman cavalry corps. A Deli, member of the light cavalry.
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The Minister of the Exterior (Reis Efendi). A Dragoman of the imperial palace.
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The Chavush Bashi, head of the ushers of the Imperial palace. An usher of the Imperial palace.
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A lower-ranking officer of the Janissary corps. A Janissary in ceremonial dress.
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Ast-chi, a cook. Ast-chi bashi, head cook of the Janissary corps.
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An officer of the Janissaries. The head of the lower-ranking officers (Bas- Chavus).
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Musical instruments and saddle equipment typical of the Ottoman empire.
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Garments and weapons of the members of the Ottoman artillery.
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Weapons of the Ottoman artillery, drums and other military musical instruments.
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Frontispiece to the fifth volume of the edition. A scene in a public bath (hamam) of Istanbul.
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Frontispiece to the sixth volume of the edition. A woman from Aleppo and a woman from Antioch.
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A Turkish man wearing a fur coat. A Turkish man wearing a shawl.
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Ottoman headwear, indicative of social class, profession and/ or ethnic group.
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Ottoman headwear, indicative of social class, profession and/ or ethnic group.
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A Turkish man from Acre (today in Israel). A Muslic woman of the desert, of Arabic ethnicity.
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An Arab from Syria. A Muslim woman of Arabic ethnicity from Egypt.
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A Jewish man from the Ottoman Empire. An Armenian man from the Ottoman Empire.
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